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The Importance of pH in Flotation

In flotation, pH control is a vital method to control selective mineral separation. ... a small amount of the reagent will generally deflocculate the gangue without affecting the gold. Sodium silicate used for a similar purpose has a strong tendency to depress the gold. ... one or two ores containing sulphide copper minerals which need an …

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Production of cobalt from copper-cobalt ores on the African …

At Nkana, the copper and cobalt are floated together, then the pH is increased to 9.5 using lime and cyanide is added as a depressant. The cobalt concentrate from this differential flotation typically contains 1.6% Co, 9% Cu and 21% S (Mwakila et al., 2008). This flotation concentrate is treated in the roast-leach-electrowinning plant at …

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Basic Principles & Variables Affecting Froth Flotation

The basic factors, principles and variables affecting froth flotation are enumerated in condensed form below: Ore. (a) Mineralogical character. (b) Fineness of grinding. (c) Method of grinding. Agents. ... Its use may, however, as is the case with partially oxidized copper ores, be prohibited on account of the destructive effect of the ...

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Flotation performance of chalcopyrite in the presence of an …

1. Introduction. Chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) is one of the primary copper sulphide minerals and it accounts for 70–80% of the global copper (Cu) reserves (Baba et al., 2012, Nyembwe et al., 2019, Schlesinger et al., 2011).Froth flotation is usually applied to concentrate copper ores and separate copper minerals from the gangue. Currently, …

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Effect of clay minerals on froth stability in mineral flotation

For example, clay minerals can affect froth flotation through slime coating but also through other ways, such as affecting froth stability, changing pulp rheology and covering bubble surfaces ...

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A process mineralogy approach to optimize molybdenite flotation …

One of the challenges for the flotation of copper-molybdenum ores is the presence of copper sulphide minerals in molybdenum concentrate. Small grains of chalcopyrite (smaller than 50 μm), as well as pyrite, are the major impurities in the molybdenum concentrate. ... Process mineralogy as a key factor affecting the flotation …

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A Review of the Flotation of Copper Minerals

The increasing complexity of ore deposits, declining ore grades and higher global demand for copper has resulted in …

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Mineralogical and morphological factors affecting the separation …

The separation of copper and arsenic has always been a major problem of the flotation beneficiation process, which is affected by the multiple factors: the chemical speciation and mineralogical structure of elements in slag as well as the processing conditions such as pH of the pulp, the concentration of agents and the number of …

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Copper Flotation

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Statistical Evaluation and Optimization of Factors Affecting the

Copper flotation waste is an industrial by-product material produced from the process of manufacturing copper. The main concern with respect to landfilling of copper flotation waste is the release ...

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(PDF) Dewatering of Copper Flotation Tailings: Effect of Feed …

Dewatering of Copper Flotation Tailings: Effect of Feed Dilution on the Thickener Performance July 2018 Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 40(1):1-7

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Process mineralogy as a key factor affecting the flotation kinetics …

The aim of this study is to apply process mineralogy as a practical tool for further understanding and predicting the flotation kinetics of the copper sulfide minerals. The minerals' composition and association, grain distribution, and liberation within the ore samples were analyzed in the feed, concentrate, and the tailings of the flotation …

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A Brief Review of Pulp and Froth Rheology in Mineral Flotation

In mineral flotation, rheological problems have limited the efficient upgrading of low-grade and complex ores. Since pulp and froth rheology are deemed to play different roles in influencing the separation performance, in this paper, a brief review on pulp and froth rheology in flotation is provided, with an objective of developing a basic …

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The recovery of copper, by flotation, from calcium-ferrite-based …

This study on CSS and its flotation products revealed the factors that affect the flotation enrichment of copper and arsenic from a mineralogy perspective. Mineralogical characteristic studies revealed that copper existed primarily in the form of matte with excellent floatability, whereas arsenic was primarily dissolved or wrapped in …

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Mineralogical characteristics of copper smelting slag affecting the

In this study, a combination of flotation and mineralogical characteristic investigations was conducted to understand the main factors affecting the synchronous flotation enrichment of copper and arsenic in CCS. The flotation results of the raw CSS showed that copper recovery could reach 82.79 %, whereas arsenic recovery was only …

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A study of mechanisms affecting molybdenite recovery in a bulk copper

Molybdenite flotation in the bulk copper/molybdenum flotation circuit at Kennecott Utah Copper was studied by means of a combination of plant metallurgical surveys, laboratory flotation tests, mineralogical analysis (QEM-Scan), surface analysis (ToF-SIMS) and contact angle measurements. It was demonstrated that molybdenite …

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1 Froth Flotation – Fundamental Principles

Table 1: Grade/recovery performance of a hypothetical copper ore flotation process. Product % Weight % Cu Assay Feed 100 2.09 Concentrate 10 20.0 Tailings 90 0.1 (a) From Table 1, the Ratio of Concentration can be calculated as F/C = 100/10 = 10. If only assays are available, the ratio of concentration equals (20 – 0.1)/(2.09 – 0.1) = 10 ...

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Critical importance of pH and collector type on the flotation of

In the zinc flotation experiments, after pH adjustment, conditioning was performed by adding copper sulphate as sphalerite activator (250 g/ton for 2 min), PAX (50 g/ton) or Aero 3477 (20 g/ton ...

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Effect of copper ions on the flotation separation of chalcopyrite …

The flotation response of chalcopyrite and molybdenite in the presence of copper ions was investigated through single mineral flotation tests and flotation separation tests. The influence mechanism was studied by adsorption experiments, zeta-potential measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis.

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Copper Sulfide Flotation

Flowsheet for treatment of Copper Sulfide ores rich inminerals such as chalcopyrite with gold and silver as well as arsenopyrite. The above flowsheet is designed for the treatment by flotation of copper as chalcopyrite with gold and silver values. The ore, ranging from 60-65% silica, with pyrite, arsenopyrite, and calcite with 3 to 4% copper.

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Estimated Water Requirements for the Conventional …

This report provides a perspective on the amount of water used by a conventional copper flotation plant, including the makeup water required to compensate for water losses. Much of the global supply of copper originates from mines that also produce byproduct molybdenum, but for simplicity, a single copper concentrate has been modeled for this ...

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The Recovery of Copper from Smelting Slag by Flotation Process …

Three key factors affecting flotation were ascertained, namely, grinding fineness, the collector and the pH value, while the recovery of Cu estimated by ICP and …

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Froth Flotation of Chalcopyrite/Pyrite Ore: A Critical Review

The most common copper sulfide flotation collectors are the hydrogen sulfide (-SH) class, also known as thiols, sulfhydryl group, or mercapto group (C-S). ... the chalcopyrite could be depressed without affecting the molybdenite. At pH = 10.5 with PAM-ATU, the separation between both minerals was effective, being 20% chalcopyrite and …

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A review of the effect of water quality on flotation

Factors that cause water quality variation in flotation can be grouped into two categories by reference to the concentrator: internal and external (Fig. 1).Internal factors include the ore being processed by the concentrator, reagents added into the concentrator and water internal reuse, where water is recovered from the concentrator with the help of …

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Typical roles of metal ions in mineral flotation: A review

Abstract. In flotation, metal ions possess significant roles that are usually fulfilled by either selectively activating or depressing the target minerals. Despite that tremendous efforts have been made to address the roles of metal ions in flotation, it still lacks a comprehensive review, especially to compare various ions instead of focusing ...

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The Recovery of Copper from Smelting Slag by Flotation Process …

Consequently, flotation was attempted to recycle Cu in slag containing copper sulphide components. Three key factors affecting flotation were ascertained, namely, grinding fineness, the collector and the pH value, while the recovery of Cu estimated by ICP and XRF. Copper concentrate grading at 14.47 with 79.66% Cu recovery was …

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The significance of froth stability in mineral flotation — A review

It was reported that while all three factors affect the froth stability, copper grade and solid percent have much higher effect than frother concentration [39]. ... In practice, it was found that a change in the fraction of air recovered in a copper flotation plant reflect changes in the metallurgical performance [73]. It is known that froth ...

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(PDF) Investigation of effective parameters for molybdenite …

Flotation kinetic behavior of two deposits including an elevated-pyritic (Cu/S=0.21) complex copper sulfide ore and a high-grade carbonaceous sedimentary apatite (P2O5>25%) ore were investigated.

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A study of mechanisms affecting molybdenite recovery in a bulk copper

The major factors affecting the flotation recovery of molybdenite from both porphyry and skarn copper ores are discussed. It is suggested that the lower flotation recovery of molybdenite compared to the copper sulphide is determined by several factors, including particle morphology, inherent hydrophobicity and possible formation of slime ...

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Effect of pH on Copper Flotation Recovery VS Mass Pull

Here, rougher flotation is most Selective at a pH of 9.5 as pH levels in the 9 to 10 range yielded 1% to 2% better recoveries. Mineralogy data also supports this and shows between 3% and 10% of the copper is present as low-grade middlings in pyrite, and further supports the benefit of floating middlings pyrite to maximize copper rougher recovery.

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