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Mineral composition of the earth (Chapter 35)

Summary. Chemical composition of the earth. After Chapter 34's excursion into the mineralogical composition of the universe, we return to earth to review the most important mineral components of our planet.

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Earth Materials – The Rock Forming Minerals – Historical Geology

As discussed elsewhere, there are three families of rock composed of minerals: igneous (rock crystallizing from molten material), sedimentary (rock composed of the products of mechanical weathering, [sand, gravel, etc.] and/or chemical weathering [minerals and mineraloids precipitated from solution]), and metamorphic (rock produced by the chemic...

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Earth

Earth - Core, Mantle, Crust: More than 90 percent of Earth's mass is composed of iron, oxygen, silicon, and magnesium, elements that can form the crystalline minerals known as silicates. Nevertheless, in chemical and mineralogical composition, as in physical properties, Earth is far from homogeneous. Apart from the superficial lateral differences …

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5.3: The Composition and Structure of Earth

Core, mantle, and crust are divisions based on composition. The crust makes up less than 1 percent of Earth by mass, consisting of oceanic crust and continental crust is often more felsic rock. The mantle is hot and represents about 68 percent of Earth's mass. Finally, the core is mostly iron metal.

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Minerals

Minerals are formed naturally by geological processes. A mineral is a homogeneous solid that can be made of single native element or more usually a compound. Minerals make up Earth's rocks and sands, and are an important component of soils. 5 …

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3.5: Minerals and Mineral Groups

A mineral is an inorganic, crystalline solid. A mineral is formed through natural processes and has a definite chemical composition. Minerals can be identified by their characteristic physical properties such as crystalline structure, hardness, streak, and cleavage.

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Structure and composition of the Earth

Rocks and minerals hold the secrets to the origins and composition of our solar system. They are a fossil record of planetary evolution and can tell us about the processes that formed planet Earth. Read more

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Mineral | Types & Uses | Britannica

Mineral, naturally occurring homogeneous solid with a definite chemical composition and a highly ordered atomic arrangement. Usually formed by inorganic processes, there are several thousand known mineral species, about 100 of which constitute the major mineral components of rocks.

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Chemical Composition

The average chemical composition of the earth's crust has been determined from tens of thousands of chemical analyses of rocks and minerals taken from the surface or drill holes. The most common elements in the crust by weight are oxygen (46.6%), silicon (27.7%), aluminum (8.1%), iron (5.0%), calcium (3.6%), sodium (2.8%), potassium (2.6%), and ...

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Geology

Geology - Earth Composition, Rocks, Minerals: As a discipline, mineralogy has had close historical ties with geology. Minerals as basic constituents of rocks and ore deposits are obviously an integral aspect of geology.

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